Hypertension is the state of the body in which vases constantly experience an increase in blood pressure: systolic blood pressure is the same or exceeds 140 mm Hg and/or the diastolic blood pressure equal or exceeds 90 mm hg.
The diagnosis of "hypertension" is carried out in cases where, according to the pressure measurements made in two different days, the value of the systolic pressure on both days equally or exceeds 140 mm RT. Art. And/or the value of diastolic pressure on both days equally or exceeds 90 mm hg. Art.
The danger of this condition lies in the risk of damage to the heart or blood vessels in other organs, such as brain and kidneys.
Important: hypertension is the most importantPreventiveThe cause of heart and stroke diseases all over the world
Uncontrolled hypertension can lead to a heart attack, an increase in the heart and, ultimately, to heart failure. The expansion (aneurysms) can develop in blood vessels and vulnerable places where the blood vessels are more likely to be clogged and torn. The pressure in the blood vessels can lead to bleeding in the brain and the development of stroke. Hypertension can also lead to renal failure, blindness and cognitive impairment.
Hypertension is called "quiet killer". Most patients with hypertension do not even suspect the problem, since hypertension often does not give anxiety signals and proceeds asymptomatic.
We all invite you to use the medical program to evaluate the conditions of your cardiovascular system and obtain advice from all the necessary specialists.
Risk factors for the development of hypertension
Stress, mental and mental overwork
Studies show that hypertension more often people get sick whose vital activity is associated with constant nervous overster. So, for example, in residents of great megicity, hypertension is much more common than people who live in rural areas.
Hypertension and stress are inextricably linked, so it is necessary to treat both disorders.
Every fourth man and every fifth woman in the world, blood pressure has increased
Studies show that hypertension more often people get sick whose vital activity is associated with constant nervous overster. So, for example, in residents of great megicity, hypertension is much more common than people who live in rural areas.
Hypertension and stress are inextricably linked, so it is necessary to treat both disorders.The complications of hypertension are the cause of 9, 4 million annual death cases in the world (WHO)
Hypodynamia
Hypodynamia is a decrease in the load on the muscles due to a sedentary lifestyle. A modern resident of the city is not engaged in physical work, he prefers to use vehicles even a short distance, instead of walking, and spends his free time on a computer or on TV. Only 1 % is engaged in recreational sports and 5 % make morning gymnastics.
Consequently, such a lifestyle leads to significant changes in all support systems of the life of the body, in particular cardiovascular and nervous.
The combination of hypodynamia and stress makes an extremely vulnerable person to hypertension and complications. The adrenaline, produced at the time of stress, stimulates the production of glucocorticoids, which, in turn, stimulate the increase in blood sugar and increase blood pressure.
In a immobilized body, adrenaline and sugar instead of "burning" with the release of energy, remain in the blood vessels for a long time and lead not only to a long increase in pressure, but also to heart attacks and shots.
Overweight
To determine if there is an excess weight or not, they use the body mass index. It is calculated as a relationship between body weight in the kilograms and a square of growth in the meters. If the result exceeds 25 kg/sq if the index indicator is greater than 30 kg/m2, in this case we are talking about clinically pronounced obesity.
More than half of patients with hypertension suffers from obesity.
Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease in which an excessive accumulation of fat in the adipose tissue is noted.
Numerous scientific studies have shown that a decrease in excess fat by 5-10% leads to a decrease in the increase in blood pressure and an improvement in the control over disease.
The loss of every 5 kg of excess weight can help reduce the systolic blood pressure of 2-10 points.
Other risk factors
An unhealthy diet - excessive consumption of salt, a significant content of saturated fats and trans fats in food, insufficient consumption of vegetables and fruit. As well as the use of tobacco and alcohol.
The increase in risk factors that is not controlled includes hereditary predisposition, age and concomitant diseases, such as diabetes or kidney disease.
Hypertension prevention
Each adult should control his blood pressure. In case of greater pressure, you need to obtain a consultation with a doctor.
Less than a fifth hypertension control their condition
People with hypertension, who also have a high blood sugar, increase cholesterol problems in the blood or kidneys have increased in the risk of heart attack and stroke. Therefore, it is important to regularly check the level of blood sugar, cholesterol in the blood and the level of protein in the urine.
To minimize the risk of hypertension and its adverse consequences, everyone can adopt a series of specific passages:
Mental balance
Soul Well -Being and the positive emotional state are indispensable conditions for maintaining health. What is particularly important for patients with hypertension or predisposed to its development, since the disease is directly related to an inadequate reaction to stress.
It is necessary to learn to manage stress in healthy ways such as meditation, various types of psychotherapy and positive social contacts.
Specialists of the Cardiology Center: neurologists, psychotherapists, cardiologists will provide complete recommendations and teach to confront stress.
Walks in a fairy forest surrounding a sanatorium and outdoor activities will give you a good charge of vigor. Knowledge of local attractions will give you a spiritual balance.
Physical activity
The second component of the prevention of hypertension is sufficient motor activity, without which we all suffer from the manifestations of hypodynamia at various degrees.
For a resident in the city, it will be optimal to walk every day at least 1 hour in the conditions of an area of the forest park.
In the Cardiological Health Center, as part of the program, on foot, to the meccanotherapy in the gym, group aquaerobic in the pool take place as part of the program and competitions based on the city take place.
Patients with the disease already show should engage in physiotherapy exercises.
It is necessary to adhere to the rational alternation regime of work and rest. Any type of overwork should not be allowed, both mental and physical.
A healthy physiological dream is of great importance, in which the body rests from all loads. Patients in the initial phase of hypertension must sleep at least 8-9 hours a day.
Healthy diet
In the prevention of hypertension, correct diet or diet with clinically expressed forms of the disease is of great importance.
Carbohydrates
Here you should give preference to vegetables and fruit, since this will allow you to receive a sufficient amount of fiber, vitamins and minerals.
Squirrels
When choosing proteins, it is necessary to refuse or limit meat products in favor of dairy products and vegetables.
Fat
Total assumption of fat should be reduced. Try to replace animal fats with vegetables and animal fats should be more fish.
A medicine for patients with hypertension can be a diet with a restriction of table salt. No more than 5 g (just under a teaspoon) per day are allowed, which significantly facilitates control over the level of blood pressure.
Maintain a normal weight
Reducing overweight or obesity treatment is the main factor that can lead to satisfactory control over blood pressure and even in some cases abandoning the correction of the drug of the latter.
An effective means of normalization of weight is diet therapy and various types of physical activity.
Refusal of bad habits
If a person is subject to drinking alcohol with great doses, he smokes, the risk of hypertension increases repeatedly.
The reception of alcohol promotes the spasm of the peripheral vessels and the increase in pressure due to the growth of vascular resistance.
After smoking, the level of cholesterol increases, which is due to the intake of a large amount of adrenaline and norepinephrine with adrenal glands. There is also such a medical term - Nicotine hypertension.
Physical methods for the prevention of development and exacerbations of hypertension
Hydrotherapy
Aquatic water (hydrotherapy) is a powerful means of healing, prevention and treatment of hypertension. Water can influence the body as a temperature, mechanical or chemical stimulus and the choice depends on the need for a particular exposure factor.
The temperature factor is the most important in choosing hydrotherapy. The capillaries of the skin expand and narrow in response to the effects of the water of various temperatures. In this case, there is an increase in blood flow or its decrease. Cold water also leads to a slowdown and an increase in cardiac contractions and increases blood pressure. The hot water reduces the pressure, accelerates the heartbeat and weakens heart contractions
Very often, to prevent the exacerbations of hypertension, the water of the indifferent temperature is used, which is indicated for excessive nervous excitability, irritability, heart disorders, insomnia.
The hydrotherapy procedures for the hypertension of stadium III are contraindicated.
Before using water procedures as a treatment, you need to consult a doctor.
For the hypertension of the i-II stages, rain, dust and circular shower are used using indifferent or hot water with moderate pressure of water jets.
The bathrooms can be common and local, for hypertension, are used for therapeutic and estimated purposes. The medicinal bathrooms for hypertension are limited to the use of coniferous extract.
Drug electrophoresis
This is the use of the Galvanic current for the purposes of non -invasive header of various drugs. Under the influence of the galvanic current, the drug ions enter the skin and are delayed in the anode area, which creates a sort of medicinal deposit. The drug enters the blood flow slowly enough, which increases the duration of its effect on the body. The body also influences the positive effects of the galvanic current.
The electrophoresis is indicated in the initial stages of hypertension. In phase III, it is contraindicated. Contraindications are neoplasms, acute inflammatory processes of any location, compromise of blood clotting processes, pronounced atherosclerosis, discompeed diseases of the cardiovascular system, kidneys, pregnancy, individual intolerance to the galvanic current.
The specialized centers use various types of physiotherapy under the control of specialists.
Medical physical education (exercise therapy)
Physical education of the media is used in all hypertension phases for the prevention of hypertensive crisis and complications of the disease. It includes any type of physical exercises at affordable prices: dosed walk, morning gymnastics, earthly and swimming.
"Physical exercises can replace many drugs, but not a single medicine in the world can replace physical exercises"
The best prevention way is gymnastics or morning charging, which allows you to prepare the body for the work festival, stimulates the processes of the nervous regulation of blood circulation and the reactivity of the vascular system as a whole.
If the disease has already developed, you should add a daily complex of therapeutic gymnastics to morning gymnastics.
The centers carry out individual and group classes of physiotherapy exercises under the guidance of professional instructors of operating therapy.
Drug therapy
The selection of drugs for the treatment and prevention of hypertension exacerbations should only be carried out by a doctor.
Popy therapy becomes already necessary in the second phase of the disease, when blood pressure reaches significant indicators with regular measurement.
The basic principle isindividualSelection of antihypertensive drugs for each patient.
Dear readers, the articles are introduced by nature. Before applying the advice, you need to consult a doctor.